Torque is defined as which of the following?

Torque is defined as a measure of a turning force applied to an object around an axis. It is the rotational equivalent of linear force and is crucial in mechanical and engineering applications, particularly those involving rotating systems. When a force is applied at a distance from a pivot point, it creates a tendency for the object to rotate, and this is quantified as torque.

The effectiveness of this force in producing rotation depends not only on the magnitude of the applied force but also on the distance from the pivot point, often referred to as the moment arm. The formula for torque is typically expressed as T = F × r, where T is torque, F is the applied force, and r is the distance from the pivot point to the line of action of the force. Understanding torque is essential for designing machines, engines, and various mechanical systems where rotation is a fundamental aspect of their operation.